Serge Gainsbourg

Serge Gainsbourg (born Lucien Ginsburg; 2 April 1928 – 2 March 1991) was a French singer-songwriter, actor, composer, and director. Regarded as one of the most important figures in French pop, he was renowned for often provocative releases which caused uproar in France, dividing public opinion. His artistic output ranged from his early work in jazz, chanson, and yé-yé to later efforts in rock, zouk, funk, reggae, and electronica. Gainsbourg's varied musical style and individuality make him difficult to categorise, although his legacy has been firmly established and he is often regarded as one of the world's most influential popular musicians. Gainsbourg wrote over 550 songs, which have been covered more than 1,000 times by diverse artists. His lyrical works incorporated wordplay, with humorous, bizarre, provocative, sexual, satirical or subversive overtones. Since his death from a second heart attack in 1991, Gainsbourg's music has reached legendary stature in France. While controversial in his lifetime, he has become one of France's best-loved public figures. He has also gained a cult following across the world with chart success in the United Kingdom and Belgium with "Je t'aime... moi non plus" and "Bonnie and Clyde", respectively. Serge Gainsbourg was born in Paris on 2 April 1928, in the maternity ward of the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris on the Île de la Cité. He was the son of Russian Jewish immigrants, Joseph and Olga Ginsburg. Born Brucha Goda Besman (nicknamed Olia/Olga) in Feodosiya in 1894, Serge's mother was a mezzo-soprano singer. Serge's father Joseph was born in Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire of Ukrainian Jewish heritage in 1896. Originally interested in painting, he entered the Petrograd Conservatory and then the Moscow Conservatory to study music, becoming a classically trained pianist. He came to Crimea, where he met and married Olga in 1918. The couple fled Odessa for Paris via Georgia and then Istanbul in the years following the Russian Revolution. The couple arrived in Marseille in 1921, settling in Paris near Olga's brother, who worked for the Louis Dreyfus Bank. Joseph became a piano performer at bars, casinos, and cabarets, while Olga sang at the Conservatoire Rachmaninoff. Serge and his twin sister Liliane had an elder brother Marcel, born in 1922, who died at sixteen months of pneumonia. They also had an older sister Jacqueline, born in 1926. The family lived in the working-class districts of Paris, first at 35 Rue de la Chine in the 20th arrondissement, and then at 11 Rue Chaptal in the 9th arrondissement. They obtained French nationality in 1932. Joseph taught Serge and Liliane to play the piano. At age 12, Serge enrolled at the École Normale de Musique de Paris. Gainsbourg's childhood was profoundly affected by the occupation of France by Germany during World War II. The identifying yellow star that Jews were required to wear haunted Gainsbourg; in later years he was able to transmute this memory into creative inspiration. Early in the summer of 1941, the family temporarily sought refuge in the commune of Courgenard in the Sarthe department, at a place called "La Bassetière," with Baptiste and Irma Dumur. ... Source: Article "Serge Gainsbourg" from Wikipedia in English, licensed under CC-BY-SA.

Serge Gainsbourg, de son vrai nom Lucien Ginsburg, né et mort à Paris (2 avril 1928 - 2 mars 1991), est un auteur-compositeur-interprète, et accessoirement, poète, pianiste, artiste peintre, scénariste, metteur en scène, écrivain, acteur et cinéaste français. Il accède à la notoriété en tant qu'auteur-compositeur-interprète, abordant de nombreux styles musicaux. Il s'essaie également au cinéma et à la littérature, réalise plusieurs films et vidéo-clips et compose plus de quarante musiques de films. Dans les années 1980, il s'invente aussi un alter ego appelé Gainsbarre. Auteur prolifique de chansons pour d'autres artistes, en particulier des femmes, Gainsbourg traverse la vie de chanteuses et actrices renommées, dont Brigitte Bardot, avec qui il a une brève liaison, et Jane Birkin, qui est sa compagne pendant plus de douze ans (restant sa principale muse même après leur séparation) et avec qui il a son troisième enfant, Charlotte Gainsbourg. Durant les années 1980 il fréquente Caroline von Paulus dite « Bambou », qui lui donne son quatrième et dernier enfant, Lucien Gainsbourg, dit « Lulu ». Il influencera considérablement des artistes français comme le groupe Taxi Girl, Renaud ou encore Étienne Daho, mais aussi des artistes non francophones tels que Beck Hansen, Mike Patton, le groupe Portishead ou le compositeur David Holmes. Si sa notoriété à l'extérieur du monde francophone se limite aux professionnels de la musique, il réussit à classer deux de ses albums dans les meilleures ventes de disques aux États-Unis : Bonnie and Clyde (avec Brigitte Bardot) se classe 12e au Billboard 200 au cours de l'année 1968, et Jane Birkin / Serge Gainsbourg se classe 196e au cours de l'année 1970. Sa chanson Je t'aime… moi non plus se classe 58e au Billboard Hot 100, malgré des diffusions à la radio limitées en raison de la censure, mais rencontre un plus grand succès encore au Royaume-Uni où elle se classe numéro 1 des ventes. Avec celles de la chanteuse belge Sœur Sourire et les albums francophones de Céline Dion, ces performances sont inégalées pour des chansons en langue française aux États-Unis.